Alopecia areata (الثعلبه)

alopecia areata

DEFINATION

asymptomatic disease characterized by rabid onset of complete hair loss in asharply defined area of the scalp or other body sites

Etiology

unknown

posative family history in some cases

immune system mechanisms

association with thyroid disease,prenicious anemia,vitiligo and atopy

CLASSIFICATIONS

Commonly, alopecia areata involves hair loss in one or more round spots on the scalp

Hair may also be lost more diffusely over the whole scalp, in which case the condition is called diffuse alopecia areata

Alopecia areata monolocularis describes baldness in only one spot. It may occur anywhere on the hea

Alopecia areata multilocularis refers to multiple areas of hair loss

Ophiasis refers to hair loss in the shape of a wave at the circumference of the head

The disease may be limited only to the beard, in which case it is called alopecia areata barbae

If the patient loses all the hair on the scalp, the 

disease is then called alopecia totalis

If all body hair, including pubic hair, is lost,the diagnosis then becomes alopecia universalis

Alopecia areata totalis and universalis are rare

CLINICAL PICTURE

Age:moste cases are children and young adult

Site:commonly in the scalp,other site in

 beard,mustatche and eyebrown

Lesion:one or more usually rounded well_demercated area completely devoid of hair

Hairs plucked from the margin of the area are ofen ''club hairs''is in telogen

at the periphery of the lesion ,haire are found having normal upper shift and narrowed  base

nails may be pitted and ridged

TREATMENT OF ALOPECIA AREATA

Reassurance

Topical steroid

Local irritiant as tincture capsicum

Topical sensitizers as dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB)

intralesional injection of steroid

Photochemotheraphy(PUVA)

DR:Khalid Alshameri

Zenab Al-Gothamy Dermatology

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